Mr. Shota, which perennial crops are suitable for planting in autumn?

When cultivating perennial crops, a low and high zone should be distinguished. The best time to plant citrus in the lowlands is autumn, any kind of citrus should be planted in the fall before November 15, if we plant after that and there will be cold, frost, the seedling may not tolerate the soil, rejoicing depends on winter. As for the high zone, all fruit crops such as apples, pears, walnuts, hazelnuts and vines can be planted here in the fall. However, here too the winter factor should be taken into account, the seedling should be planted from the last days of September to October before the frost starts.

 How to plant a seedling so that it is not difficult to rejoice?

Before planting, we have to prepare a special pit and apply both mineral and organic fertilizers. If the citrus is to be planted by a farmer in the fall, special pits must be prepared in the spring and a mineral fertilizer applied. A pre-prepared plot helps the seedling to both thrive and grow. As for crops such as apples, pears, nuts… the soil does not need early preparation, it can be planted directly.

In the soil where the seedling should be planted, what mineral fertilizers are recommended to use?

It is desirable to put phosphorus and potassium, of course, nitrogen, but nitrogen in smaller amounts, because it can not absorb the seedling and will be lost. Phosphorus and potassium are hardly soluble and absorption is slow.

 Does the seedling need special preparation before planting?

Visual inspection of the seedling is necessary before planting. If the root is found to be damaged, it should be removed from the root system, as the damaged part may be damaged by the root system. Before planting, the root system should be slightly pruned and the tip of the seedling cut - this will help to enlarge the root. It is necessary to water after planting, even if it is raining, watering the newly planted seedlings is necessary, it helps the soil to sit well at the root.

In our conditions it rains often in the fall, therefore no watering is required in the days after planting.

How many years of seedling transplantation is recommended?

A minimum of one and a maximum of 2-3 years old seedlings can be transferred. The seedling can be more than three years old and transplanted, but it is difficult to transplant, the main factor is still that it should not be less than one year old.

 Recently, the population has started cultivating blueberries, kiwis and feijoas, do these crops have different planting specifics?

Cranberries are planted in the same way as other crops. As for the kiwi, it should be planted in a place where there will be no ground water nearby. Ground water will inhibit the development of the root system and clog the plant. Here, for example, apple seedlings withered in the village of Dandalo. When we saw that, one meter above the ground water was coming out, which caused the seedling to wither. When planting any perennial crops, ground water should not be near the root system. If there will be ground water, then proper drainage should be done and the fruit will survive. If there is ground water one meter down, it will not be a problem for the fruit trees.

One important detail about kiwi is that there are both female and male kiwis. If one male does not hatch in a four-legged mother kiwi, or there is no male kiwi in the surrounding area, it will not bear fruit. In such a case, a good solution is to cut the male kiwi on one body, but definitely in August.

Is it possible to visually distinguish the "mother-buck" kiwi?

The breeder will choose this, for example, I, I can not choose until it produces a flower.

Are there similar "mother-male" breeds in other perennial crops?

Such a plant is feijoa, though not as pronounced as in the case of kiwi. Feijoa loves to plant in groups and many will mix at least one. Feijoa is planted in one rootstock, but can be planted close together, though not so close as to overlap trees.

How important is it to maintain the spacing between seedlings when planting?

It's very important. Crops that grow large should not be planted closer than two meters, walnuts should be spaced more than 6-7 meters, and cranberries and similar low-growing plants can be planted at half-meter intervals.

 Is it necessary to use poisonous chemicals on the newly planted seedling?

In the case of citrus it is necessary, while in other fruit crops we do not have such a disease that the newly planted seedlings need to be poisoned. However it still depends on whether diseases or insects emerge. In case of poisoning it is necessary to consider the appropriate dose, as well as adherence to the timing, if not used accordingly, it will not be effective.

Does the inclination of the terrain matter when cultivating perennial crops?

Inclined relief for perennial crops

I. It is better because there will be no danger of excess water, but if the soil is too steep, terraces should be arranged and fruit trees planted in the terraces.

How long can a seedling removed from the soil be stopped and planted?

Seedlings removed the day before can be planted the next day, or a few days later. If the seedling gets water, it does not matter for joy. We brought a kiwi seedling from Holland that had its roots washed and a wet piece wrapped around it, everyone was happy. The main thing is that the root system is wet.